CentOS7.8下编译muduo库找不到Boost库报错的解决方法_ccf19881030的专栏

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一、从Github上下载muduo和muduo-tutorial源代码

下载muduo源代码

git clone https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo.git
下载muduo-tutorial示例程序
 
git clone https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo-tutorial.git
二、编译muduo库
 
进入到刚才下载的muduo目录，比如我的腾讯云主机上muduo的下载目录为：/root/GithubProjects 

 按照muduo Github官网README中的说法， 只需要编译muduo库根目录下的build.sh可执行文件即可。 
Muduo is a multithreaded C++ network library based on
the reactor pattern.
http://github.com/chenshuo/muduo
Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
license that can be found in the License file.
Requires:
  Linux kernel version >= 2.6.28.
  GCC >= 4.7 or Clang >= 3.5
  Boost (for boost::any only.)
Tested on:
  Debian 7 and above
  Unbuntu 14.04 and above
  CentOS 7 and above
To build, run:
  ./build.sh
See https://github.com/chenshuo/muduo-tutorial for
how to use muduo in your project.
  __  __           _
 |  \/  |         | |
 | \  / |_   _  __| |_   _  ___
 | |\/| | | | |/ _` | | | |/ _ \
 | |  | | |_| | (_| | |_| | (_) |
 |_|  |_|\__,_|\__,_|\__,_|\___/
我的腾讯云主机的系统是CentOS7.8
 
 在muduo源代码所在目录执行build.sh脚本报错，错误信息如下图所示：
 
 从错误信息可以看出找不到Boost库的头文件所在路径，于是我查看了一下muduo源代码根目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件： 
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
project(muduo C CXX)
enable_testing()
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
endif()
# only build examples if this is the main project
if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "muduo")
  option(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build Muduo examples" ON)
endif()
set(CXX_FLAGS
 # -DVALGRIND
 -DCHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE
 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
 -Wall
 -Wextra
 -Werror
 -Wconversion
 -Wno-unused-parameter
 -Wold-style-cast
 -Woverloaded-virtual
 -Wpointer-arith
 -Wshadow
 -Wwrite-strings
 -march=native
 # -MMD
 -std=c++11
 -rdynamic
if(CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 32)
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-m32")
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-null-dereference")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-sign-conversion")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-unused-local-typedef")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wthread-safety")
  list(REMOVE_ITEM CXX_FLAGS "-rdynamic")
endif()
string(REPLACE ";" " " CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CXX_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-O0")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -DNDEBUG")
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)
find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
find_package(Protobuf)
find_package(CURL)
find_package(ZLIB)
find_path(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR ares.h)
find_library(CARES_LIBRARY NAMES cares)
find_path(MHD_INCLUDE_DIR microhttpd.h)
find_library(MHD_LIBRARY NAMES microhttpd)
find_library(BOOSTTEST_LIBRARY NAMES boost_unit_test_framework)
find_library(BOOSTPO_LIBRARY NAMES boost_program_options)
find_library(BOOSTSYSTEM_LIBRARY NAMES boost_system)
find_path(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR gperftools/heap-profiler.h)
find_library(TCMALLOC_LIBRARY NAMES tcmalloc_and_profiler)
find_path(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR hiredis/hiredis.h)
find_library(HIREDIS_LIBRARY NAMES hiredis)
find_path(GD_INCLUDE_DIR gd.h)
find_library(GD_LIBRARY NAMES gd)
find_program(THRIFT_COMPILER thrift)
find_path(THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR thrift)
find_library(THRIFT_LIBRARY NAMES thrift)
if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found cares")
endif()
if(CURL_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found curl")
endif()
if(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found protobuf")
endif()
if(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR AND TCMALLOC_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found tcmalloc")
endif()
if(ZLIB_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found zlib")
endif()
if(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR AND HIREDIS_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found hiredis")
endif()
if(GD_INCLUDE_DIR AND GD_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found gd")
endif()
if(THRIFT_COMPILER AND THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR AND THRIFT_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found thrift")
endif()
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} BUILD_TYPE)
message(STATUS "CXX_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})
add_subdirectory(muduo/base)
add_subdirectory(muduo/net)
if(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
  add_subdirectory(contrib)
  add_subdirectory(examples)
else()
  if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
    add_subdirectory(examples/cdns)
  endif()
endif()
从上述CMakeLists.txt文件中可以看出，muduo库依赖于Boost、ProtoBuf、CURL、ZLIB等库的。我的腾讯云CentOS7.8系统下已经安装过了Boost1.69和ProtoBuf3.9.1
 
 命名自己将Boost1.69.0安装到/usr/local/boost目录下了，为什么muduo库找不到呢？很是纳闷，估计是/usr/local/boost目录不是默认的安装目录所以会导致这个问题吧，最后找到了如下两篇博客： 
Linux下使用CMake进行编译的时候寻找Boost库
cmake使用boost库 
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.3)
project(boost_test)
find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system thread)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(boost_test boost_test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(boost_test ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
还有CMake官方提供的FindBoost
  
根据简书上的这篇博客Linux下使用CMake进行编译的时候寻找Boost库 

 所以解决办法很明了了，既然muduo库找不到我安装的boost1.69.0的头文件所在目录，那么我修改一下CMakeLists.txt文件，在find_package(Boost REQUIRED)这句查找Boost库之前，手动设置boost根目录、头文件、lib库文件所在目录就好了即：
 可以在搜索package之前，通过设置一些变量来帮助boost库的查找 
BOOST_ROOT             - 首选的Boost安装路径
BOOST_INCLUDEDIR       - 首选的头文件搜索路径 e.g. <prefix>/include
BOOST_LIBRARYDIR       - 首选的库文件搜索路径 e.g. <prefix>/lib
Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS  - 默认是OFF. 如果开启了，则不会搜索用户指定路径之外的路径
所以可以首先设置BOOST_ROOT、BOOST_INCLUDEDIR、BOOST_LIBRARYDIR这几个变量的值，改成自己的Boost库的目录，比如我的Boost1.69.0的安装目录是： /usr/local/boost 
set (BOOST_ROOT /usr/local/boost)
set (BOOST_INCLUDEDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/include)
set (BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/lib)
修改后的CMakeLists.txt文件如下所示： 
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)
project(muduo C CXX)
enable_testing()
if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
  set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
endif()
# only build examples if this is the main project
if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL "muduo")
  option(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build Muduo examples" ON)
endif()
set(CXX_FLAGS
 # -DVALGRIND
 -DCHECK_PTHREAD_RETURN_VALUE
 -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
 -Wall
 -Wextra
 #-Werror
 -Wconversion
 -Wno-unused-parameter
 #-Wold-style-cast
 -Woverloaded-virtual
 -Wpointer-arith
 #-Wshadow
 -Wwrite-strings
 -march=native
 # -MMD
 -std=c++11
 -rdynamic
if(CMAKE_BUILD_BITS EQUAL 32)
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-m32")
endif()
if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-null-dereference")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-sign-conversion")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wno-unused-local-typedef")
  list(APPEND CXX_FLAGS "-Wthread-safety")
  list(REMOVE_ITEM CXX_FLAGS "-rdynamic")
endif()
string(REPLACE ";" " " CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CXX_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-O0")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -DNDEBUG")
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)
# 在搜索Boost的package之前，通过设置一些变量来帮助boost库的查找
set (BOOST_ROOT /usr/local/boost)
set (BOOST_INCLUDEDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/include)
set (BOOST_LIBRARYDIR ${BOOST_ROOT}/lib)
# 寻找boost库
find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
if (Boost_FOUND)
  message( STATUS "Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS = ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}.")
  message( STATUS "Boost_LIBRARIES = ${Boost_LIBRARIES}.")
  message( STATUS "Boost_LIB_VERSION = ${Boost_LIB_VERSION}.")
endif()
find_package(Protobuf)
find_package(CURL)
find_package(ZLIB)
find_path(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR ares.h)
find_library(CARES_LIBRARY NAMES cares)
find_path(MHD_INCLUDE_DIR microhttpd.h)
find_library(MHD_LIBRARY NAMES microhttpd)
if(Boost_FOUND)
  find_library(BOOSTTEST_LIBRARY NAMES boost_unit_test_framework)
  find_library(BOOSTPO_LIBRARY NAMES boost_program_options)
  find_library(BOOSTSYSTEM_LIBRARY NAMES boost_system)
endif()
find_path(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR gperftools/heap-profiler.h)
find_library(TCMALLOC_LIBRARY NAMES tcmalloc_and_profiler)
find_path(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR hiredis/hiredis.h)
find_library(HIREDIS_LIBRARY NAMES hiredis)
find_path(GD_INCLUDE_DIR gd.h)
find_library(GD_LIBRARY NAMES gd)
find_program(THRIFT_COMPILER thrift)
find_path(THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR thrift)
find_library(THRIFT_LIBRARY NAMES thrift)
if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found cares")
endif()
if(CURL_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found curl")
endif()
if(PROTOBUF_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found protobuf")
endif()
if(TCMALLOC_INCLUDE_DIR AND TCMALLOC_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found tcmalloc")
endif()
if(ZLIB_FOUND)
  message(STATUS "found zlib")
endif()
if(HIREDIS_INCLUDE_DIR AND HIREDIS_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found hiredis")
endif()
if(GD_INCLUDE_DIR AND GD_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found gd")
endif()
if(THRIFT_COMPILER AND THRIFT_INCLUDE_DIR AND THRIFT_LIBRARY)
  message(STATUS "found thrift")
endif()
if(Boost_FOUND)
  include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
endif()
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} BUILD_TYPE)
message(STATUS "CXX_FLAGS = " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} " " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${BUILD_TYPE}})
add_subdirectory(muduo/base)
add_subdirectory(muduo/net)
if(MUDUO_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
  add_subdirectory(contrib)
  add_subdirectory(examples)
else()
  if(CARES_INCLUDE_DIR AND CARES_LIBRARY)
    add_subdirectory(examples/cdns)
  endif()
endif()
修改CMakeLists.txt再运行build.sh脚本，需要注意的是还需要在设置CXX_FLAGS变量时，注释掉如下三个预处理指令： 
 #-Werror
 #-Wold-style-cast
  #-Wshadow
不然可能会在CentOS7下编译muduo报错。CentOS7下编译muduo库需要一些时间：
  

 从上图可以看出，我们成功编译了muduo源代码。
 
 可以看到在/root/GithubProjects/build目录下生成了release-cpp11目录，里面有如下目录和文件，包括可执行程序、lib、examples、muduo目录：
  
三、使用cmake编译安装muduo库
 
cd /root/GithubProjects/muduo
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make install

 可以看到执行make install后，头文件被拷贝到了/usr/local/muduo目录下，lib库文件拷贝到了/usr/local/lib目录下。 
四、使用编译muduo-tutorial 
muduo-tutorial示例程序的README文件描述了如何使用muduo库： 
Examples of Muduo network library
0) src             - source file
1) bazel           - build with Bazel
2) cmake-submodule - build with CMake, checking out muduo as a git submodule
3) cmake           - build with CMake
2) makefile        - build with Makefile
1) build with bazel
cd bazel
bazel build -c opt :all
2) build with CMake with git submodule
git submodule update --init
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../cmake-submodule
Assuming Muduo is installed in $HOME/build/debug-install
3) build with CMake
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../cmake
# echo binary is in ./bin/
4) build with GNU make
cd makefile
# echo binary is in ./
上面4种方法中，我所熟悉的是第三种和第四种，这里我以cmake第三种为例：
 注意：不论使用make还是cmake也好，注意：muduo库的路径需要根据自己编译后的路径为准。
				最近编译evpp过程中cmake失败，报错如下：
CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1138 (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
Unable to find the Boost header files.  Please set BOOST_...
				cmake是项目管理工具：简化编译构建过程和编译过程。Cmake的工具链非常简单:cmake+make。
在Linux平台下使用CMake生成Makefile并编译的流程如下：A、编写CMake配置文件CMakeLists.txtB、执行命令cmakePATH生成Makefile，PATH是CMakeLists.txt所在的目录。C、使用make命令进行编译。
其中，A既是下文注释的文件，...
				# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  Begin finding boost libraries
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
FindBoost.cmak
				cmake查看debug信息辅助cmake配置
以boost错误为例：
在（cmake-gui中）配置了变量：Boost_INCLUDE_DIR=Z:/BASE_ENV/forOpenMVS/boost_1_74_0后依然出错
CMake Error at Z:/BASE_ENV/CMake/share/cmake-3.18/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:165 (message):
  Could NOT find Boost (missing: 
				此文章对初次或不经常接触linux的人比较重要，linux开发经验丰富的请飘过！一个人良好的习惯就是不断的学习、不断的做笔记，然后吸收为己用. 与此同时为他人做点贡献，学到东西，然后贡献东西，这就是进步的良性互动！
我一直从事windows开发多年，一直很忙也很少接触linux系统，但是关于跨平台的项目做的很少，而实际上夸平台的项目大多是与服务器相关的，随着对boost的熟练使用和有关服务器经验
				这个问题困扰我一下午了，关于boost库的问题，最近在做人体动态三维重建的时候，到了最后编译的时候出现问题：就是上面的这个问题，参考了很多中解决方案，一遍一遍的改错，最终还是成功类：编译成功
在这个过程在学会了一些关于cmake的编写手法，对于今后的SLAM的代码研究时非常有帮助的：
对于上面的问题解决：https://stackoverrun.com/cn/q/11313677
在今后的开发中希...