使用聚合函数包装列引用。 如果只需要组中的代表性值，则可以使用
any_value(epression)
。
-- Sample data
> CREATE OR REPLACE TEMPORARY VIEW tasks(name, firstname, task, cost) AS
VALUES ('Smith' , 'Sam' , 'UNPIVOT', 10),
('Smith' , 'Sam' , 'LATERAL', 5),
('Shuster', 'Sally' , 'DELETE' , 7),
('Shuster', 'Sally' , 'GRANT' , 8);
-- `name` and `firstname` are part of the group by coumns, but incomplete
> SELECT name, firstname, sum(cost) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname || ' ' || name;
[MISSING_AGGREGATION] The expression "name" is neither present in the group by, nor is it an aggregate function.
-- Match the GROUP BY expression
> SELECT firstname || ' ' || name, sum(cost) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname || ' ' || name;
Sam Smith 15
Sally Shuster 15
-- Break up the GROUP BY expression
> SELECT firstname, name, sum(cost) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname, name;
Sam Smith 15
Sally Shuster 15
-- Missing grouping column
> SELECT name, firstname, sum(cost) FROM tasks GROUP BY name;
[MISSING_AGGREGATION] The expression "firstname" is neither present in the group by, nor is it an aggregate function.
-- Add the grouping column
> SELECT firstname, name, sum(cost) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname, name;
Sam Smith 15
Sally Shuster 15
-- Missing aggregate
> SELECT firstname, name, sum(cost), task FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname, name;
[MISSING_AGGREGATION] The expression "task" is neither present in the group by, nor is it an aggregate function.
-- Add an aggregate
> SELECT firstname, name, sum(cost), array_agg(task) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname, name;
Sam Smith 15 ["UNPIVOT","LATERAL"]
Sally Shuster 15 ["DELETE","GRANT"]
-- Return any task
> SELECT firstname, name, sum(cost), any_value(task) FROM tasks GROUP BY firstname, name;
Sam Smith 15 LATERAL
Sally Shuster 15 DELETE
GROUP BY 子句
