* 获取相对路径 【推荐】
* 使用Java提供的Path类和Paths类来获取相对路径。
* 例如,假设有两个路径a和b,我们可以使用Path类的relativize()方法来获取相对路径,该方法返回一个相对路径的Path对象。
@Test
public void getRelativePathTest1(){
Path pathA = Paths.get("/user/myproject/dir1");//不需要保证文件实际存在
Path pathB = Paths.get("/user/myproject/dir2/subdir/file.txt");//不需要保证文件实际存在
Path relativePathB = pathA.relativize(pathB);//[√]
log.info("relativePathB : {}", relativePathB);// "relativePathB : ..\dir2\subdir\file.txt"
Path relativePathA = pathB.relativize(pathA);
log.info("relativePathA : {}", relativePathA);// "relativePathA : ..\..\..\dir1"
* 获取相对路径 【推荐】
@Test
public void getRelativePathTest2() throws IOException {
File fileA = new File("/user/myproject/dir1");//不需要保证文件实际存在
File fileB = new File("/user/myproject/dir2/subdir/file.txt");//不需要保证文件实际存在
String absolutePathA = fileA.getCanonicalPath();//E:\\user\\myproject\\dir1
String absolutePathB = fileB.getCanonicalPath();//E:\\user\\myproject\\dir2\\subdir\\file.txt
String relativePath = absolutePathB.substring(absolutePathA.length()); // 输出:/dir2/subdir/file.txt
log.info("absolutePathA : {}, absolutePathB : {}", absolutePathA, absolutePathB);//absolutePathA : E:\\user\\myproject\\dir1, absolutePathB : E:\\user\\myproject\\dir2\\subdir\\file.txt
log.info("relativePath : {}", relativePath);//relativePath : \\subdir\\file.txt
* 获取相对路径
* 如果是在Web应用中获取相对路径,可以使用ServletContext的getRealPath()方法来获取文件的绝对路径,然后使用字符串的截取来获取相对路径。
// @Test
// public void getRelativePathTest3(){
// ServletContext servletContext = null;
// String absolutePathA = servletContext.getRealPath("/dir1");
// String absolutePathB = servletContext.getRealPath("/dir2/subdir/file.txt");
// String relativePath = absolutePathB.substring(absolutePathA.length()); // 输出:/dir2/subdir/file.txt
// }
2 获得绝对路径
基于相对路径获得绝对路径
@Test
public void getAbsolutePathByRelativePathTest(){
// 相对路径
String relativePath = "example.txt";
// 获取绝对路径
String absolutePath = null;
//方式1
//absolutePath = ( new File(relativePath) ).getAbsolutePath( );//E:\source_code\ADP\poc-bigdata\poc-common-demo\example.txt
//方式2
//absolutePath = ( (Path) Paths.get(relativePath)).toAbsolutePath().toString();//E:\source_code\ADP\poc-bigdata\poc-common-demo\example.txt
* 方式3 【推荐】
* ClassLoader 提供的 getResource()方法可以获取资源文件的URL。通过 URL 对象的 getPath 方法可以获取文件的绝对路径
//absolutePath = getAbsolutePath(ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader(), relativePath);
//方式4 【推荐】 基于基础参考路径、相对路径,拼接出文件的绝对路径
String classpath = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath();//如: /E:/source_code/xxx/xxx-bigdata/xxx-common-demo/target/classes/
absolutePath = getAbsolutePath( classpath, relativePath );
//方式5 通过 javax.servlet.ServletContext#getRealPath(relativePath) 方法
//ServletContext servletContext = null;//获取 servletContext 对象,此处省略获取过程
//absolutePath = servletContext.getRealPath(relativePath);
// 输出绝对路径
System.out.println("absolutePath: " + absolutePath);
* 通过 classloader 、相对路径,获得绝对路径
* @param relativePath
* @param classLoader
* [1] 获取ClassLoader的方式
* ClassLoader classLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
* ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader() * ClassLoader classLoader = XXClass.class.getClassLoader();
* @return
public String getAbsolutePath(ClassLoader classLoader, String relativePath){
String absolutePath = null;
URL resource = classLoader.getResource(relativePath);// ClassLoader.getSystemResource(relativePath);
if(resource != null){
absolutePath = resource.getPath();
} else{
log.warn("the relative path's resource not for classpath!relativePath:{}", relativePath);
return absolutePath;
* 通过 基础参考路径 、相对路径,获得绝对路径
* @param relativePath 注:路径的首个字符不得含有文件夹符号
* @param basePath 注: 路径的最后必须含文件夹符号 [ "/"(Linux) , "\"(Windows) ]
* @return
public String getAbsolutePath(String basePath, String relativePath) {
//File.separator
return basePath + relativePath;
基于正则表达式关键字路径 + 绝对路径,提取出目标绝对路径
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
* java 实现在
* 绝对路径A(如: /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/xxx/sdk/java/yyy/)中
* 按照关键词路径P(如"/target/*classes/")正则匹配搜索出绝对路径A2(如:"/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/")
@Test
public void test(){
String absolutePath = "/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/xxx/sdk/java/yyy/";
String patternStr = "/target/*classes/";
String regex = patternStr.replace("*", ".*");
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(absolutePath);
if (matcher.find()) {
String matchedPath = absolutePath.substring(0, matcher.end());
System.out.println("匹配到的路径 A2: " + matchedPath);
} else {
System.out.println( "未找到匹配的路径");
* 获取项目的根路径
* @note 仅适用于源码工程中
* @param anyProjectClassAbsolutePath 项目内任一 class/java 文件的路径
* @return
public static String getProjectRootPath(String anyProjectClassAbsolutePath) {
//String anyProjectClassAbsolutePath = "/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/xxx/sdk/java/yyy/";
String patternStr = "/target/*classes/";
String regex = patternStr.replace("*", ".*");
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(anyProjectClassAbsolutePath);
if (matcher.find()) {
String matchedPath = anyProjectClassAbsolutePath.substring(0, matcher.end());
log.info("matchedPath: {},anyProjectClassAbsolutePath: {}", matchedPath, anyProjectClassAbsolutePath);
return matchedPath;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("Not matched target path!anyProjectClassAbsolutePath:" + anyProjectClassAbsolutePath);
demo code:
// demo code :
//String classpath = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath();// /E:/source_code/XXX/XXX-sdk/xxx-common-demo/target/classes/
// XxxxTest.class.getResource("").toString() = "file:/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/XXX-platform/XXX-sdk/XXX-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/XXX/sdk/java/can/"
// XxxxTest.class.getResource("").getPath() = "/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/XXX-platform/XXX-sdk/XXX-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/XXX/sdk/java/can/"
// classpath | eg: "/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/XXX-platform/XXX-sdk/XXX-sdk-java/target/test-classes/"
String classpath = getProjectRootPath( XxxxTest.class.getResource("").getPath() );
3 获取 classpath 路径
classpath 概念
[JVM] 概念辨析:classpath / jar - 博客园/千千寰宇
classpath
是JVM
用到的一个环境变量,它用来指示JVM如何搜索class
。
classpath
就是一组目录的集合,它设置的搜索路径与操作系统相关。
在Windows系统上,用;
分隔,带空格的目录用""
括起来,可能长这样:
C:\work\project1\bin;C:\shared;"D:\My Documents\project1\bin"
在Linux系统上,用:
分隔,可能长这样:
/usr/shared:/usr/local/bin:/home/johnny/bin
获取 classpath 路径
//方式1
classpath = System.getProperty("java.class.path");
//classpath:D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Program\Java\jdk1.8.0_261\jre\lib\rt.jar;E:\source_code\xxx\xxx-bigdata\xxx-common-demo\target\classes;D:\Program\IDEA\IDEA_COMMUNITY_2023.2\lib\idea_rt.jar
获取当前项目的 target classes 路径 (不推荐)
public class ClassPathDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String classpath = null;
//方式1
//String classpath = ClassPathDemo.class.getResource("/").getPath();
//classpath:/E:/source_code/xxx/xxx-bigdata/xxx-common-demo/target/classes/
//或 file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/
//方式2 【推荐】
classpath = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath();
//classpath:/E:/source_code/xxx/xxx-bigdata/xxx-common-demo/target/classes/
//或 file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/
//Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("");
//或 jar:file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/
//方式3 | 仅适用于 servlet web 项目
//ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
//classpath = context.getResource("").getFile().getAbsolutePath();
System.out.println("classpath:" + classpath);
此获取方式,在 Windows 环境下,并不完全可靠。
Linux 环境下的值,尚未试验过。
IDE(IDEA)中执行java代码获取路径:ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath()
或 this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath()
错误,返回为file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/
而非/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/classes/
?
JUnit 测试环境:在 JUnit 测试环境中,ClassLoader.getSystemResource("")
获取的是系统类加载器的资源路径。由于 JUnit 测试类的加载器可能与主程序的加载器不同,因此它返回的是 JUnit JAR 文件的路径,而不是项目的 target/classes
目录。 【确实如此】
public class XxxxTest {
@Test
public void xxxTest(){
String path = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath();
资源路径的特殊性:getResource("")
获取的是当前类加载器的资源路径,而 JUnit 测试类的资源路径通常是 JAR 文件中的路径,而不是项目的工作目录。
指定一个已知的资源文件
如果你需要通过类加载器获取路径,可以指定一个已知的资源文件,例如 application.properties
,然后通过这个资源文件的路径来推导项目路径。
String resourcePath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("application.properties").getPath();
System.out.println("资源路径: " + resourcePath);
试验: Xxx.class.getResource("").getPath()
/ ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath()
ClassLoader#getSystemResource
本地运行(Windows)
ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath()
///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/classes/ 【非JUnit环境下】
//file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/ 【JUnit环境下】
在线运行 : https://www.jsongj.com/compiler/java
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println( ClassLoader.getSystemResource("").getPath() );// "/home/output/"
在线运行 : https://www.jsongj.com/compiler/java
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println( Main.class.getResource("").getPath() ); // "/home/output/"
com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSON
import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSON;
JSON.class.getResource("").getPath();
file:/D:/Program-Data/Maven-Repository/com/alibaba/fastjson2/fastjson2/2.0.37/fastjson2-2.0.37.jar!/com/alibaba/fastjson2/ 【非JUnit环境下】
file:/D:/Program-Data/Maven-Repository/com/alibaba/fastjson2/fastjson2/2.0.37/fastjson2-2.0.37.jar!/com/alibaba/fastjson2/ 【JUnit环境下】
java.io.File
File.class.getResource("").getPath();
//java.lang.NullPointerException 【非JUnit环境下】
//java.lang.NullPointerException 【JUnit环境下】
com.xxx.sdk.java.xxx.parse.CanAscLogGenerator
CanAscLogGenerator.class.getResource("").getPath();
// /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/xxx/sdk/java/xxx/parse/ 【非JUnit环境下】
// /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/com/xxx/sdk/java/xxx/parse/ 【JUnit环境下】
CanAscLogGenerator.class.getResource("log4j2.properties").getPath()
// java.lang.NullPointerException【非JUnit环境下】
// java.lang.NullPointerException【JUnit环境下】
CanAscLogGenerator.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath()
// /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/classes/ 【非JUnit环境下】
// file:/C:/Users/EDY/.m2/repository/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-commons/1.8.2/junit-platform-commons-1.8.2.jar!/META-INF/versions/9/ 【JUnit环境下】
CanAscLogGenerator.class.getClassLoader().getResource("log4j2.properties").getPath() //技巧:指定一个项目下的已知资源文件
// /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/classes/log4j2.properties 【非JUnit环境下】
// /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/log4j2.properties 【JUnit环境下】
4 获取当前工程根路径
方式1: System.getProperty("user.dir")
在Java程序中,可以通过System.getProperty("user.dir")
来获取当前工作目录的路径,即程序运行时所在的目录。这个属性通常用于读取或写入文件时指定文件相对路径,以便程序能够正确找到文件。
举例说明,如果当前工作目录是/Users/username/Documents,那么System.getProperty("user.dir")将返回/Users/username/Documents。
//获取当前工作目录的路径
//String projectRootPath = ( new File("") ).getCanonicalPath();//方式1
String projectRootPath = System.getProperty("user.dir");//方式2
System.out.println("projectRootPath :" + projectRootPath);//D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java
方式2 FilePathUtils
猜测: 本质上还是和 "user.dir"
息息相关。
public class FilePathUtils {
public static final String FILE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("file.separator");
* 获取所在项目的根路径
* @usage
* 在 xxx-sdk-java 工程中调用时 : "file:///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java"
* 在 xxx-sdk-util 工程中调用时 : "file:///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-util"
* String path = FilePathUtils.getProjectRootPath() + "/target/test-classes/some/xxx";
* // "file:///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/some/xxx"
* URL url = new URL(path);
* new File(url.getPath()).exists() = true
* @return ""
public static String getProjectRootPath() {
//String dir = ( new File("src/main/java") ).getAbsolutePath();// eg: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\src\main\java"
//String dir = ( new File("src/main/resources") ).getAbsolutePath();// eg: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\src\main\resources"
String dir = ( new File("") ).getAbsolutePath();// eg: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java"
//dir = "file://" + "/" + dir.replaceAll("\\\\", "/");
dir = "file://" + "/" + dir.replace(FILE_SEPARATOR, "/");
return dir;
方式2 基于 ProtectionDomain
获取当前JAR包所处目录
ProtectionDomain
[Java/JVM/安全] ProtectionDomain : Java 安全模型的核心组件 - 博客园/千千寰宇
CASE 获取本JAR包的所处目录
5 获取用户主目录
String userHomePath = null;
userHomePath = org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.getUserDirectoryPath();
// 等效于 : System.getProperty("user.home");System.out.println("userHomePath :" + userHomePath);
//C:\Users\xxxx
6 获取OS临时目录
String tempDirectoryPath = FileUtils.getTempDirectoryPath();
//等效于 : System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")System.out.println("tempDirectoryPath :" + tempDirectoryPath);
// C:\\Users\\xxxx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\
H 附件:工具类
ClassLoaderUtils
ClassLoaderUtils
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
* ClassLoader 工具类
* @update-time 2025.6.5 11:12
@Slf4j
public class ClassLoaderUtils {
public static final String FILE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("file.separator");
* 定位目标项目的 classpath 路径的文件名称
* @note
* 1. 要求放置在应用工程的源码根目录(src/) 或 资源根目录(resources/)下。
* 2. 其文件内容:可编写任意内容,也可为空。
public static String PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE = "PROJECT_CLASSPATH";
public static String TEST_PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE = "TEST_PROJECT_CLASSPATH";
* 通过 classloader 、相对路径,获得绝对路径
* @sample
* getAbsolutePath(ClassLoaderUtil.class.getClassLoader(), "")) : /D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-modules/xxx-backend/target/classes/
* @param relativePath
* @param classLoader
* [1] 获取ClassLoader的方式
* ClassLoader classLoader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
* ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()
* ClassLoader classLoader = XXClass.class.getClassLoader();
* @return
public static String getAbsolutePath(ClassLoader classLoader, String relativePath){
String absolutePath = null;
URL resource = classLoader.getResource(relativePath);// ClassLoader.getSystemResource(relativePath);
if(resource != null){
absolutePath = resource.getPath();
} else{
log.warn("the relative path's resource not for classpath!relativePath:{}", relativePath);
return absolutePath;
* 获取调用本方法的项目所在的项目 classpath
* @note
* 注意,哪个工程调用本方法,则该工程下就必须提前创建好 {@link #PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE } 文件,即使是空文件
* @return
* @usage
* 例如: xxx-sdk-java 中调用本方法后的返回值: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\target\classes"
* 例如: xxx-sdk-java-test 中调用本方法后的返回值:
* 若 正式源码 子工程下没有放置 {@link #PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE } 文件,但 TEST 子工程放了,则返回: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\target\test-classes"
* 若 正式源码 子工程下已放置有 {@link #PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE } 文件,且 TEST 子工程有放置,则返回: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\target\classes"
* 若 正式源码 子工程下已放置有 {@link #PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE } 文件,但 TEST 子工程没放置,则返回: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\target\classes"
* 若均无该文件,则返回 null
public static String getProjectClassPath(){
File path = getProjectClassPathDirectory();
return path==null?null:path.getPath();
public static File getProjectClassPathDirectory(){
//new File( CloudCanMessageParseTest.class.getClassLoader().getResource(ClassLoaderUtils.PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE).getPath() ).getParentFile().getPath()
URL resource = ClassLoader.getSystemResource(PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE);
File path = resource==null?null:new File( resource.getPath() );
return path == null?null:path.getParentFile();
* 获取调用本方法的项目所在的项目测试子工程的 classpath
* @note 建议仅在 测试子工程中调用
* @return
* eg: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java\target\test-classes"
public static String getTestProjectClassPath(){
File path = getTestProjectClassPathDirectory();
return path==null?null:path.getPath();
public static File getTestProjectClassPathDirectory(){
URL resource = ClassLoader.getSystemResource(TEST_PROJECT_CLASSPATH_FILE);
File path = resource==null?null:new File( resource.getPath() );
return path == null?null:path.getParentFile();
* 获取所在项目的根路径
* @usage
* String path = getProjectRootPath() + "/target/test-classes/some/xxx";
* // "file:///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java/target/test-classes/some/xxx"
* URL url = new URL(path);
* new File(url.getPath()).exists() = true
* @return ""
* eg: "file:///D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-java" (JUnit 环境 or 非 JUnit 环境)
public static String getProjectRootPath() {
String dir = ( new File("") ).getAbsolutePath();// eg: "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-java"
//dir = "file://" + "/" + dir.replaceAll("\\\\", "/");
dir = "file://" + "/" + dir.replace(FILE_SEPARATOR, "/");
return dir;
* 获取应用程序JAR包所处路径
* @param applicationClazz 应用程序的 Class 类
* 1. 不能是 JDK 的 Class 类,例如: Object.class , Class.class , ... (将报错)
* @return
* "D:\Workspace\CodeRepositories\xxx-platform\xxx-sdk\xxx-sdk-helper\target" (源码工程在运行时的获取结果)
* "D:\Workspace\Projects\XXX-Project\xxx-sdk-helper-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar" (JAR包在运行时的获取结果)
public static String getApplicationJarDirectory(Class applicationClazz){
// 获取当前类的 ProtectionDomain
ProtectionDomain domain = applicationClazz.getProtectionDomain();//只能是应用工程的自定义类,不能是 jdk 的 类(如: Object.class , Class.class)
URL location = domain.getCodeSource().getLocation();
File jarFile = null;
try {
// 转换为文件路径
jarFile = new File(location.toURI());
//String jarDirectory = jarFile.getParent(); // JAR 所在目录
} catch (Exception exception) {
log.error("get current jar path fail !exception:", exception);
log.info("current jar path: {}", jarFile.getAbsolutePath());//"file:/D:/Workspace/CodeRepositories/xxx-platform/xxx-sdk/xxx-sdk-helper/target/classes/" or "D:\Workspace\Projects\XXX-Project\xxx-sdk-helper-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar"
return jarFile == null ? null : jarFile.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath();
DemoTest - 1
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; // org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils#listFiles(java.io.File, org.apache.commons.io.filefilter.IOFileFilter, org.apache.commons.io.filefilter.IOFileFilter)
public class XxxxxxxServiceImpl implements IXxxxxxxService {
public static String CLASSPATH;
//...
static {
//CLASSPATH = ClassLoaderUtils.getAbsolutePath(XxxPeriodicCollectMessageParseServiceImpl.class.getClassLoader() , "");
//CLASSPATH = FilePathUtils.getProjectRootPath().replace("file://", "");
CLASSPATH = ClassLoaderUtils.getProjectClassPath(); //JAR包在服务器端运行时,此值为 null
log.info("CLASSPATH:{}", CLASSPATH);
//XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH = CLASSPATH + "/target/classes/" + "can/dbc/"; //本地目录
XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH = CLASSPATH + CAN_DBC_DIR; //本地目录
if( !FileUtil.exist(XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH) ){//非本地目录 (基于 Dockerfile 构建的 Docker环境)
XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH = CAN_DBC_DIR;
log.info("XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH:{}", XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH);
public void Xxx(){
//...
List<String> xxxFileLocalRelativePaths = FileUtils.listFiles(new File( XXX_FILES_DIR_PATH ), TrueFileFilter.TRUE, TrueFileFilter.TRUE).stream().map(file -> {
return file.getAbsolutePath();
} ).collect(Collectors.toList());
//...
//...
XXServiceBizApplication 的路径 : src/main/java/com.xx.yy.zz.biz.XXServiceBizApplication
FileTest 的路径 : src/test/java/com.test.FileTest
Object 的路径 : java.lang.Object
Thread 的路径 : java.lang.Thread
messages_en_US.propertie 的路径 : src/main/resources/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
(1)不以 /
开头时,默认:以当前class类文件所在路径为基准,目标文件相对于该类文件的路径
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResource("");//获得当前class类文件的URI目录,不包括类文件自己!
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/com/xx/yy/zz/biz
Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("")
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResource("./../../../../../i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
URL url = Object.class.getResource("./../../i18n/messages_en_US.properties");//Object 的路径 : java.lang.Object
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
InputStream inputStream = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResourceAsStream("./../../../../../i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
(2)以 /
开头,则:从 ClassPath
根下获取。
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResource("/");//当前的classpath的绝对URI路径
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResource("/i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
InputStream inputStream = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getResourceAsStream("/i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
以 /
开头,则:不被允许 ———— 即:path
不能以/
开头
URL url = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("/") //【X,错误示范】
//null
ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream("/") //【X,错误示范】
//null
ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResource("/")//【X,错误示范】
//null
URL url = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("/"); //【X,错误示范】
//null
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getClassLoader().getResource("/"); //【X,错误示范】
//null
不以 /
开头时,则:默认从ClassPath
根下获取
URL url = ClassLoader.getSystemResource("")
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/
ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResource("")
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getClassLoader().getResource("");
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/
URL url = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getClassLoader().getResource("./i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
URL url = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
///E:/source_code/xxx/xx_service/xx-service-biz/target/classes/i18n/messages_en_US.properties
InputStream inputStream = XXServiceBizApplication.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
InputStream inputStream = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("i18n/messages_en_US.properties");
Y 推荐文献
classpath和jar - 廖雪峰
[JVM] 概念辨析:classpath / jar - 博客园/千千寰宇
X 参考文献
java通过文件的相对路径怎么获取绝对路径 - 51CTO
【JAVA】获取当前项目的classpath路径 - CSDN
[Java SE] 基础工具库 : Apache Commons IO - 博客园
Java 获取路径的方法归总 - CSDN
Java如何获取相对路径文件 - jb51.net