語文別:中文 論文頁數:143 論文摘要
瓷磚作為我國最常見的地板飾材，其優點具有防火、防水、抗腐蝕性等，其工法成熟、製程先進、購買便利使其成為大多數消費者第一選擇。作為早期鋪貼地磚最為流行的軟底工法而言，有著施工便利，成本低廉等優點，工法原理是利用水泥砂漿水化過程，使水泥砂漿滲入瓷磚毛細孔產生瓷磚與底材之間的黏著力。隨著瓷磚工業快速進步，地磚的材質種類多樣，磚材尺寸逐漸變大，同時瓷磚的吸水率降低，軟底工法的缺點暴露無遺逐漸式微。
為了解導致底材與瓷磚之間黏著度關係，本實驗實際模擬施工現場鋪設瓷磚，設置不同的實驗變因，後續藉由瓷磚拉拔試驗結果探討地磚跟工法之間的適應性。本研究針選用業界常用六種地坪工法，硬底工法(傳統硬底工法，改良式硬底工法)、軟底工法(傳統軟底工法，改良式軟底工法)、騷底工法(鯊魚劍工法，大理石工法)，和三種不同吸水率之地磚(I類磚、II類磚、III類磚)，兩種不同工區(一般施作區域、防水施作區域)，並依日本公共工程施工標準-外牆瓷磚施工後確認及試驗規定內規定現場瓷磚拉拔取樣4 kgf/cm2最為參考值。
經實驗結果分析顯示，硬底工法4 kgf/cm2達成率為最佳、軟底工法次之。整體瓷磚拉拔強度為：改良式硬底工法為最高、改良式硬底工法次之。整體工法設置費用：傳統軟底工法最實惠、鯊魚劍工法與大理石工法次之。依上續實驗結果發現：
(1) 瓷磚背塗可以最小成本以達到提升整體拉拔強度。
(2) 傳統軟底工法受瓷磚吸水率影響，以II類磚為最佳
(3) 除傳統軟底工法之外，各工法均瓷磚黏著劑貼附面積越大拉拔強度越高。
(4) 騷底工法水灰比不佳導致瓷磚破壞多出現於底材層。

論文外文摘要
As the most common floor decoration material in our country, ceramic tiles have advantages such as high fire resistance, high water resistance, and high corrosion resistance. Its mature technology, advanced production process, and convenient purchase make it the first choice for most consumers. As for the soft bottom method, which was the most popular method for laying tiles in the early days, it has the advantages of easy construction method and low cost. The principle of the method is to use the hydration process of cement mortar to make the cement mortar penetrate into the capillary pores of the ceramic tiles, producing adhesion between the ceramic tiles and the substrate. With the rapid progress of the ceramic tile industry, the types of floor tiles are going diverse, the size of the tiles is steadily increasing, but the water absorption rate of ceramic tiles is decreasing. The shortcomings of the soft bottom method are gradually exposed and declining.
In order to comprehend the correlation between adhesions and substrates, this experiment simulate the real construction site for laying tiles and set up different experimental variables. Subsequently, the adaptability between the tiles and the construction method was explored through the results of tile pull-out tests. This study selected six commonly used flooring methods in the industry, including hard bottom methods (traditional and improved), soft bottom methods (traditional and improved), and rough bottom methods (shark sword method, marble method), and three types of tiles with different water absorption rates (Type I, Type II, and Type III), two different work areas (general construction area and waterproof construction area), and according to the Japanese public engineering construction standards - the on-site tile pull-out sampling of 4 kgf/cm2 is the reference value after the confirmation and testing regulations for exterior wall tile construction.
According to the analysis of experimental results, the success rate of the hard bottom construction method at 4 kgf/cm2 is the best, followed by the soft bottom construction method, and the sandy bottom construction method is the worst. The overall pull-out strength of the magnetic tiles is highest for the improved hard bottom construction method, followed by the traditional hard bottom construction method. The overall cost of construction methods is most affordable for the traditional soft bottom construction method, followed by the shark sword construction method and the marble construction method. Based on the above experimental results, it is found that:
(1) Coating the back of tiles can achieve an overall increase in tensile strength at minimal cost.
(2) Traditional soft-bottom construction methods are affected by the water absorption rate of tiles, with Class II tiles being the best option.
(3) In addition to traditional soft-bottom construction methods, all methods have higher tensile strength with a larger area of tile adhesive attachment.
(4) Poor water-to-cement ratio in the mortar of the soft-bottom construction method leads to more tile damage occurring in the substrate layer.