How to Use Selenium with Python: Complete Tutorial

Python is a high-level object-oriented scripting language. It is designed in a user-friendly manner. Python uses simple English keywords, which is easy to interpret. It has less syntax complications than any other programming languages.

See some of the examples in the table below.

Selenium is a tool to test your web application. You can do this in various ways, for instance

PyDev is Python development environment for Eclipse.

Step 1) Got to Eclipse Marketplace. Help > Eclipse Marketplace

Now once the plugin 'eclipse market place' is opened. The next step is to install "pydev IDE" for eclipse.

Step 2) In this step,

Step 3) Select the checkbox button. It says 'PyDev.' The first check box is mandatory while the second one is optional. After marking the checkbox, press 'Next'.

Step 4) Now , in this step you will set preferences. With the help of preference option, you can use Python as per the project need.

Go to Windows > Preferences > Interpreter-Python. Click on "OK" button.

A new window will open when you click on 'OK' button. In this window, follow the following steps.

When you click on"OK" button, it sets the default Python Interpreter. It is just like you need to set java compiler for running a Java code. To change the interpreter name, double click on Python Tab.

Step 5) In this step, give the "interpreter name" and the "exe file name" of Python.

Step 6) Make a New Project in Python. In this step,

You can see the new Python(PyDev) project is created.

Step 7) In this step,

After creating 'PyDev Project', you will create a new Python package.

Step 8) Create a new Python package. After entering the name, click on "Finish" button.

If you see in below screenshot, a new package is created.

After creating a new package, the next step is to createPyDev Module. The module contains somePython files for initialization. These files or functions from the module can be imported into other module. So, there will be no need to re-write the program again.

Step 9) Createa new PyDev module. Right click on package > New >Other>PyDev module.

Step 10) Write your Python code.

EXAMPLE 1

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
user = ""
pwd = ""
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com")
assert "Facebook" in driver.title
elem = driver.find_element_by_id("email")
elem.send_keys(user)
elem = driver.find_element_by_id("pass")
elem.send_keys(pwd)
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
driver.close()
Snapshot of the Code
Explanation of the code
Code line 1: From selenium module import webdriver
Code line 2: From selenium module import Keys
Code line 3: User is a blank variable which will be we used to store values of username.
Code line 4: pwd is also a blank (here it is empty, but the user can provide values in it) variable. This will be used to store values of the password.
Code line 5: In this line, we are initializing "FireFox" by making an object of it.
Code line 6: The "driver.get method" will explore to a page given by the URL.WebDriver will hold up until the page has completely been loaded (that is, the "onload" occasion has let go), before returning control to your test or script.
Code line 7: "Asserts" keyword is used to verify the conditions. In this line, we are confirming whether the title is correct or not. For that, we will compare the title with the string which is given.
Code line 8: In this line, we are finding the element of the textbox where the "email" has to be written.
Code line 9: Now we are sending the values to the email section
Code line 10: Same for the password
Code line 11: Sending values to the password section
Code line 12: Elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) is used to press enter after the values are inserted
Code line 13: Close
OUTPUT
The values of the username "guru99" and password entered.
The Facebook page will login with email and password. Page opened (see image below)
EXAMPLE 2
In this example,
We will open a login page.
Fill the required field"username" and "password".
Then validate if the login was successful or not.
from   selenium import webdriver
from   selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get( www.facebook.com )
username = browser.find_element_by_id( "guru99" )
password = browser.find_element_by_id( "password@123" )
submit   = browser.find_element_by_id( "submit"   )
username.send_keys( "me" )
password.send_keys( "mykewlpass" )
submit.click()
wait = WebDriverWait( browser, 5 )
page_loaded = wait.until_not(
lambda browser: browser.current_url == login_page
except TimeoutException:
self.fail( "Loading timeout expired" )
self.assertEqual(
browser.current_url,
correct_page,
msg = "Successful Login"
Snapshot of the code
Explanation of the code:
Code line 1-2: Import selenium package
Code line 4: Initialize Firefox by creating an object
Code line 5: Get login page (Facebook)
Code line 7-9: Fetch username, password input boxes and submit button.
Code line 11-12: Input text in username and password input boxes
Code line 15: Click on the "Submit" button
Code line 18: Create wait object with a timeout of 5 sec.
Code line 20 -30: Test that login was successful by checking if the URL in the browser changed. Assert that the URL is now the correct post-login page
Note: For the above scenarios there will be no output. Since no valid URL is used in the example.
Summary:
Selenium is an open-source web-based automation tool.
Python language is used with Selenium for testing. It has far less verbose and easy to use than any other programming language
The Python APIs empower you to connect with the browser through Selenium
Selenium can send the standard Python commands to different browsers, despite variation in their browser's design.